Order: Sphenisciformes | Family: Spheniscidae | IUCN Status: Vulnerable
Age: Adult | Sex: Unknown | Loc. Isla Foca, Piura
Identification & Behavior: ~63 cm (24.8 in). The Humboldt Penguin is the only resident penguin in Peru. It has a black head and back. The head has a white stripe that runs from above the eye, around the ear-coverts joining at the throat. It also has a prominent black breast band on the white underparts. Juvenile birds have brown instead of black and have no breast band. The Humboldt Penguin is distinguished from the similar Magellanic Penguin by having only one black breast band.
Name in Spanish: Pingüino de Humboldt.
Sub-species: Humboldt Penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) Meyen, 1834.
Meaning of Name: Spheniscus: Gr. Sphen= Wedge-shaped, refers to the shape of Penguin’s body. humboldti: After Alexander Von Humboldt, a German naturalist, and explorer.
Voice
Age: Adult and Juvenile | Sex: Unknown | Loc. Pucusana, Lima
Status: The Humboldt Penguin is rare to uncommon. Its populations experience increases and declines in response to El Niño events. Overall, penguin populations have declined compared to historical numbers. It breeds on coastal islands and rocky shores with suitable nesting micro-habitats. It also occurs in Ch.
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Age: Adult and Chick | Sex: Unknown | Loc. Paracas, Ica
Age: Molting Adults | Sex: Unknown | Loc. Isla Foca, Piura
See: Penguin Molting
See more of the Family Spheniscidae 
References:
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- Species range based on: Schulenberg, T. S., D. F. Stotz, and L. Rico. 2006. Distribution maps of the birds of Peru, version 1.0. Environment, Culture & Conservation (ECCo), The Field Museum. http://fm2.fieldmuseum.org/uw_test/birdsofperu on 7/09/2014.