Threatened and Endangered

threatened and endangered birds of Peru

The official list of Threatened and Endangered Birds of Peru was composed by a panel of experienced ornithologists and biologists through a multi-year effort prompted by Peru’s Department of Agriculture. Panel members evaluated candidate species and placed them in a category of threat using the criteria established by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), as well as current and projected regional and nationwide threats, personal knowledge, and familiarity with species discussed.

See IUCN’s list of Threatened and Endangered Birds of Peru

The conservation status of a species indicates whether the species exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future.

Most birds in Peru fall into the category of  Least Concern (LC).  A total of 189 species are classified as threatened with 15 critically endangered (CR),  29  Endangered (EN), 77 Vulnerable (VU) and 68 near threatened (NT).

Conservation Status

220px-Status_iucn3.1.svg

  •  Extinct (EX) – No known individuals remaining.
  • Extinct in the wild (EW) – Known only to survive in captivity, or as a naturalized population outside its historic range.
  • Critically endangered (CR) – Extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
  • Endangered (EN) – High risk of extinction in the wild.
  • Vulnerable (VU) – High risk of endangerment in the wild.
  • Near threatened (NT) – Likely to become endangered in the near future.
  • Least concern (LC) – Lowest risk. Does not qualify for a higher risk category. Widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category.
EN PELIGRO CRITICO   (Critically Endangered)
Common Name Nombre Commun Scientific Name
Lesser (Puna) Rhea Suri, ñandú petizo Rhea pennata CR
White-winged Guan Pava de ala blanca Penelope albipennis CR
Wattled Curassow Paujil carunculado Crax globulosa CR
Sira Curassow Paujil del Sira Pauxi koepckeae CR
Junin Grebe Zambullidor de Junín Podiceps taczanowskii CR
Waved Albatross Albatros de las Galápagos Phoebastria irrorata CR
Chatham Albatross Albatros de Chatham Thalassarche eremita CR
Galapagos Petrel Petrel de las Galápagos Pterodroma phaeopygia CR
South American Tern Gaviotín sudamericano Sterna hirundinacea CR
Black (Junin) Rail Gallineta negra Laterallus jamaicencis tuerosi CR
Gray-bellied Comet Cometa de vientre gris Taphrolesbia griseiventris CR
Jocotoco Antpitta Tororoi jocotoco Grallaria ridgelyi CR
Royal Cinclodes Churrete real Cinclodes aricomae CR
White-bellied Cinclodes Churrete de vientre blanco Cinclodes palliatus CR
Iquitos Gnatcatcher Perlita de Iquitos Polioptila clementsi CR
 .
EN PELIGRO  (Endangered)
Southern Pochard Pato morado Netta erythrophthalma EN
Titicaca Grebe Zambullidor del titicaca Rollandia microptera EN
Humboldt Penguin Pingüino de humboldt Spheniscus humboldti EN
Black-browed Albatross Albatros de ceja negra Thalassarche melanophrys EN
Nazca Booby Piquero de nazca Sula granti EN
Peruvian Booby Piquero peruano Sula variegata EN
Peruvian Pelican Pelícano peruano Pelecanus thagus EN
Andean Condor Cóndor andino Vultur gryphus EN
Gray-backed Hawk Gavilán de dorso gris Pseudastur occidentalis EN
Peruvian Tern Gaviotín peruano Sternula lorata EN
Red-legged Cormoran Cormorán de pata roja Phalacrocorax gaimardi EN
Yellow-browed Toucanet Tucancillo de ceja amarilla Aulacorhynchus huallagae EN
Long-whiskered Owlet Lechucita bigotona Xenoglaux loweryi EN
Marvelous Spatuletail Colibrí cola de espátula Loddigesia mirabilis EN
Gray-cheeked Parakeet Perico de mejilla gris Brotogeris pyrrhoptera EN
Yellow-rumped Antwren Hormiguerito de lomo amarillo Euchrepomis sharpei EN
Ash-throated Antwren Hormiguerito de garganta ceniza Herpsilochmus parkeri EN
Ochre-fronted Antpitta Tororoi de frente ocrácea Grallaricula ochraceifrons EN
Blackish-headed Spinetail Cola espina de cabeza negruzca Synallaxis tithys EN
Russet-bellied Spinetail Cola-espina de vientre rojizo Synallaxis zimmeri EN
Russet-mantled Softtail Cola-suave de manto rojizo Thripophaga berlepschi EN
White-browed Tit-Spinetail Tijeral de ceja blanca Leptasthenura xenothorax EN
Ash-breasted Tit-Tyrant Torito de pecho cenizo Anairetes alpinus EN
Scimita-winged Pihas Piha ala de cimatarra Lipaugus uropygialis EN
Peruvian Plantcutter Cortarrama peruana Phytotoma raimondii EN
Slaty Becard Cabezón pizarroso Pachyramphus spodiurus EN
Black-spectacled Brush-Finch Matorralero de anteojos negros Atlapetes melanopsis EN
Chestnut-breasted Mountain-Finch Monterita de cola simple Poospiza alticola EN
Rufous-breasted Warbling-Finch Monterita de pecho rufo Poospiza rubecula EN
 .
VULNERABLE   (Vulnerable)
Black Tinamou Perdiz negra Tinamus osgoodi VU
Taczanowski’s Tinamou Perdiz de taczanowski Nothoprocta taczanowskii VU
Barred Tinamou Perdiz barrada Crypturellus casiquiare VU
Gray-legged Tinamou Perdiz de pata gris Crypturellus duidae VU
Orinoco Goose Ganso del orinoco Neochen jubata VU
Rufous-winged Chachalaca Chachalaca de cabeza rufa Ortalis erythroptera VU
Wattled Guan Pava carunculada Aburria aburri VU
Salvin’s Curassow Paujil de salvin Mitu salvini VU
Bearded Guan Pava barbada Penelope barbata VU
Andean Flamingo Parina grande Phoenicoparrus andinus VU
James’s Flamingo Parina chica Phoenicoparrus jamesi VU
Gray-headed Albatross Albatros de cabeza Thalassarche chrysostoma VU
Royal Albatross Albatros real Diomedea epomophora VU
Salvin’s Albatross Albatros de salvin Thalassarche salvini VU
White-chinned Petrel Petrel de mentón blanco Procellaria aequinoctialis VU
Parkinson’s Petrel Petrel de parkinson Procellaria parkinsoni VU
Westland Petrel Petrel de westland Procellaria westlandica VU
Pink-footed Shearwater Pardela de pata rosada Puffinus creatopus VU
Markham Storm-Petrel Golondrina de mar de markham Oceanodroma markhami VU
Peruvian Dving-Petrel Potoyunco peruano Pelecanoides garnotii VU
Black-faced Ibis Bandurria de cara negra Theristicus melanopis VU
Ochre-bellied Dove Paloma de vientre ocráceo Leptotila ochraceiventris VU
Semicollared Hawk Gavilán semiacollarado Accipiter collaris VU
Common Black-Hawk Gavilán cangrejero Buteogallus anthracinus VU
Harpy Eagle Águila harpía Harpia harpyja VU
Crested Eagle Águila crestada Morphnus guianensis VU
Black and Chestnut Eagle Águila negra y castaña Spizaetus isidori VU
Red-fronted Coot Gallareta de frente roja Fulica rufifrons VU
Inca Tern Gaviotín zarcillo Larosterna inca VU
Peruvian Pigeon Paloma peruana Patagioenas oenops VU
White-winged Potoo Nictibio de ala blanca Nyctibius leucopterus VU
Purple-backed Sunbeam Rayo de sol de dorso púrpura Aglaeactis aliciae VU
Royal Sunangel Ángel del sol real Heliangelus regalis VU
Military Macaw Guacamayo militar Ara militaris VU
Blue-head Macaw Guacamayo de cabeza azúl Primolius coulonii VU
White-necked Parakeet Perico de cuello blanco Pyrrhura albipectus VU
Yellow-faced Parrotlet Periquito de cara amarilla Forpus xanthops VU
Spote-winged Parrot Periquito de ala punteada Touit stictopterus VU
Golden-plumed Parakeet Perico de mejilla dorada Leptosittaca branickii VU
Black-winged Parrotlet Loro de ala negra Hapalopsittaca melanotis VU
Red-faced Parrot Loro de cara roja Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops VU
Scarlet-banded Barbet Barbudo de franja escarlata Capito wallacei VU
Coppery-chested Jacamar Jacamar de pecho cobrizo Galbula pastazae VU
Speckle-chested Piculet Carpinterito de pecho jaspeado Picumnus steindachneri VU
Gray-headed Antbird Hormiguero de cabeza gris Myrmeciza griseiceps VU
Allpahuayo Antbird Hormiguero de allpahuayo Percnostola arenarum VU
White-masked Antbird Hormiguero de máscara blanca Pithys castaneus VU
Henna-hooded Foliage-gleaner Hoja-rasquero de capucha rufa Hylocryptus erythrocephalus VU
Apurimac Spinetail Cola espina de apurímac Synallaxis courseni VU
Marañón Spinetail Cola-espina del marañón Synallaxis maranonica VU
Rufous-necked Foliage-Gleaner Limpia-follaje de cuello rufo Syndactyla ruficollis VU
Great Spinetail Cola-espina grande Siptornopsis hypochondriaca VU
Chestnut-backed Spinetail Espinero de dorso castaño Phacellodomus dorsalis VU
Rufous Flycatcher Copetón rufo Myiarchus semirufus VU
White-tailed Shrike-Tyrant Arriero de cola blanca Agriornis albicauda VU
Ochraceous Attila Atila ocráceo Attila torridus VU
Piura Chat-Tyrant Pitajo de piura Ochthoeca piurae VU
Royal (Pacific) Flycatcher Mosquero real Onychorhynchus coronatus occidentalis VU
Gray-breasted Flycatcher Mosquerito de pecho gris Lathrotriccus griseipectus VU
Mishana Tyrannulet Moscareta de mishana Zimmerius villarejoi VU
White-cheeked Cotinga Cotinga de mejilla blanca Zaratornis stresemanni VU
Bay-vented Cotinga Cotinga de subcaudales bayas Doliornis sclateri VU
Safron-crested Tyrant-Manakin Saltarín tirano de cresta azafrán Neopelma chrysocephalum VU
Peruvian Martin Martín peruano Progne murphyi VU
Vilcabamba Brush-Finch Matorralero de vilcabamba Atlapetes terborghi VU
Gray-winged Inca-Finch Fringilo-inca de ala gris Incaspiza ortizi VU
Little Inca-Finch Fringilo inca chico Incaspiza watkinsi VU
Slender-billed Finch Fringilo apizarrado Xenospingus concolor VU
Tamarugo Conebill Pico de cono de los tamarugales Conirostrum tamarugense VU
Cerulean Warbler Reinita cerúlea Dendroica cerulea VU
Golden-backed Mountain-Tanager Tangara de montaña de dorso dorado Buthraupis aureodorsalis VU
Masked Mountain-Tanager Tangara-de-montaña enmascarada Buthraupis wetmorei VU
Black-masked Finch Pinzón enmascarado Coryphaspiza melanotis VU
Rufous-browed Hemispingus Hemispingo de ceja rufa Hemispingus rufosuperciliaris VU
Green-capped Tanager Tangara de gorro verde Tangara meyerdeschauenseei VU
Orange-throated Tanager Tangara de garganta naranja Wetmorethraupis sterrhopteron VU
Safron Siskin  Jilguero azafranado Sporagra siemiradzkii VU
 .
CASI AMENAZADAS  (Near Threatened)
Puna Tinamou Perdiz de la puna Tinamotis pentlandii NT
Pale-browed Tinamou Perdiz de ceja pálida Crypturellus transfasciatus NT
Razor-billed Curassow Paujil común Mitu tuberosum NT
Blue-throated Piping-Guan Pava de garganta azul Pipile cumanensis NT
Chilean Flamingo Flamenco Chileno Phoenicopterus chilensis NT
Silvery Greebe Zambullidor Plateado Podiceps occipitalis NT
Guanay Cormorant Cormorán Guanay Phalacrocorax bougainvillii NT
Gray Petrel Petrel gris Procellaria cinerea NT
Southern Giant-Petrel Petrel gigante sureño Macronectes giganteus NT
Northern Giant-Petrel Petrel gigante norteño Macronectes halli NT
Buller’s Albatross Albatros de Buller Thalassarche bulleri NT
Wood Stork Jabirú, tuyuyo Jabiru mycteria NT
Jabiru Stork Cigüeña Gabán Mycteria americana NT
Roseate Spoonbill Espátula rosada Platalea ajaja (Ajaia ajaja) NT
Giant Coot Gallareta gigante Fulica gigantea NT
Imperial Snipe Becasina imperial Gallinago imperialis NT
Diademed Sandpiper-Plover Chorlo cordillerano Phegornis mitchellii NT
Neblina Metaltail Colibrí de neblina Metallura odomae NT
Koepcke’s Hermit Ermitaño de Koepcke Phaethornis koepckeae NT
Ecuadorian Piedtail Colibrí colipinto Ecuatoriano Phlogophilus hemileucurus NT
Peruvian Piedtail Colibrí colipinto Peruano Phlogophilus harterti NT
Little Woodstar Estrellita chica Chaetocercus bombus bombus NT
Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan Tucan andino de pecho gris Andigena hypoglauca NT
Curl-crested Aracari Arasari encrespado Pteroglossus beauharnaesii NT
Black-mandibled Toucan Tucán de mandibula negra Ramphastos ambiguus NT
Toco Toucan Tucán toco Ramphastos toco NT
Rothschild’s Swift Vencejo de Rothchildi Cypseloides rothschildi NT
Amazonian Parrotlet Periquito amazónico Nannopsittaca dachilleae NT
Bronze-winged Parrot Loro de ala bronceada Pionus chalcopterus NT
Cloud-forest Screech-Owl Lechuza de bosque de neblina Megascops marshalli NT
Red-fan Parrot Loro de abanico Deroptyus accipitrinus NT
Orange-breasted Falcon Halcón de pecho naranja Falco deiroleucus NT
Peregrine Falcon Halcón peregrino Falco peregrinus NT
Festive Amazon Loro de lomo rojo Amazona festiva NT
Green-winged Macaw Guacamayo rojo verde Ara chloropterus NT
Scarlet Macaw Guacamayo escarlata Ara macao NT
Blue-headed Parakeet Cotorra de cabeza roja Aratinga erythrogenys NT
Ancient Antwren Hormiguerito antiguo Herpsilochmus gentryi NT
Black-tailed Antbird Hormiguero de cola negra Myrmoborus melanurus NT
Chestnut Antpitta Tororoi castaño Grallaria blakei NT
Pale-billed Antpitta Tororoi de pico pálido Grallaria carrikeri NT
Elusive Antpitta Tororoi evasivo Grallaria eludens NT
Peruvian Antpitta Tororoi Peruano Grallaricula peruviana NT
Rufous-fronted Antthrush Gallito hormiguero de frente rufa  Formicarius rufifrons NT
Marañón Crescentchest Pecho de luna del Marañón Melanopareia maranonica NT
Guayaquil Woodpecker Carpintero guayaquileño Campephilus gayaquilensis NT
Napo Sabrewing Ala de sable del napo Campylopterus villaviscensio NT
Greater Scythebill Pico-guadaña grande Drymotoxeres pucheranii NT
Line-fronted Canastero Canastero de frente listada Asthenes urubambensis NT
Tawny Tit-Spinetail Hijeral leonado Leptasthenura yanacensis NT
Chestnut-throated Spinetail Cola-espina de garganta castaña Synallaxis cherriei NT
Peruvian Recurvebill  Pico-recurvo peruano Syndactyla ucayalae NT
Equatorial Graytail Cola-gris ecuatorial Xenerpestes singularis NT
Tumbes Tyrant Pitajo de Tumbes Tumbezia salvini NT
Johnson’s Tody-Tyrant Espatulilla de Johnson Poecilotriccus luluae NT
Cinnamon-breasted Tody-Tyrant Tirano-todi de pecho canela Hemitriccus cinnamomeipectus NT
Zimmer’s Tody-Tyrant Tirano todi de Zimmer Hemitriccus minimus NT
Buff-throated Tody-Tyrant Tirano-todi de garganta anteada Hemitriccus rufigularis NT
Fiery-throated Fruiteater Frutero garganta de fuego Pipreola chlorolepidota NT
Orange-banded Flycatcher Mosquerito de franja naranja Nephelomyias lintoni NT
Bar-winged Wood-Wren Cucarachero-montés de ala barrada Henicorhina leucoptera NT
Tumbes Swallow Golondrina de Tumbes Tachycineta stolzmanni NT
Giant Conebill Pico de cono gigante Oreomanes fraseri NT
Sira Tanager Tangara del Sira Tangara phillipsi NT
Black and White Tanager Tangara negra y blanca Conothraupis speculigera NT
Rufous-eared Brush-Finch Matorralero de oreja rufa Atlapetes rufigenis NT
Masked Saltator Saltador enmascarado Saltator cinctus NT
Selva Caique Cacique de koepcke Cacicus koepckeae NT

(*1): Remsen et al. (2014), considers Laterallus tuerosi a sub-species of Laterallus jamaicensis.

(*2): Remsen et al. ( 2014), Considers Onychorhynchus occidentalis a subspecies of Onychorhynchus coronatus.

References:

  • Remsen, J. V., Jr., C. D. Cadena, A. Jaramillo, M. Nores, J. F. Pacheco, J. Perez-Emán, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 26, May 2014. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithologists’ Union. http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html
  • BirdLife International (2014) Country profile: Peru. Available from: http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/country/peru. Checked: 2014-07-05
  • The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2014.1. http://www.iucnredlist.org/